Redundancy - the law

Basic legal rules

A redundancy situation exists where an employer closes or intends to close the workplace or reduce the number of employees doing a particular kind of work. In particular, the employer must:

• adopt redundancy selection criteria which are not discriminatory;

• allow employees selected for redundancy time off to look for other work, provided they have at least two years’ service;

• give redundancy pay to all employees with at least two years’ service calculated using a statutory formula linked to age and length of service. A week’s gross pay is subject to a statutory maximum cap which is reviewed annually (currently £450 from 1 February 2013); and

• offer any suitable available vacancies.

If at least 20 redundancies are proposed, the employer must notify the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills. It must also consult employee reps with a view to reducing the number of redundancies. There are detailed rules which must be followed. Where an employer fails to consult, a union can apply for a protective award.

Key developments

• A non-union Joint Consultative Council had no authority to represent staff in a collective redundancy consultation, leading to liability for a protective award (Case 5).

• Failure to take account of past performance in a redundancy selection exercise was unfair (Case 6).